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“Greed of a few” Key Factor in Uganda’s Environmental Degradation: Catholic Bishops

Greed is a primary factor in the environmental degradation in Uganda, Catholic Bishops in the East African nation have said. 

In their March 2025 Pastoral Letter that ACI Africa obtained on Monday, April 7, members of the Uganda Episcopal Conference (UEC) cite widespread deforestation and the escalating impacts of climate change as manifestations of the greed, which they blame on “a few” individuals, who prioritize personal gain over the common good.

UEC members refer to their previous statements, in which they say they have continually cautioned against the degradation of the natural environment in the country.

In previous statements, they say, “we pointed out causes such as reduction in arable land against a fast-growing population, loss of soil fertility, and high demand for charcoal in urban areas arising from the high cost of clean energy.” 

The Catholic Church leaders reiterate that their grave concern has always been the “aspect of environmental degradation driven by the greed of a few. We have already discussed the dangers of greed to the human soul and society.”

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“If, today, Uganda loses close to 55 hectares of vegetation each year, it is partly because some people are taking more from the environment than they need, in order to meet their insatiable appetite for material wealth,” they lament in their 38-page March 2025 Pastoral Letter in which they also decry moral decay in Uganda, saying violence has extended to foetuses and the newly born babies.

UEC members condemn “the harm” that human actions cause to the earth drawing inspiration from  Pope Francis’ May 2015 Encyclical Letter on care for our common home, Laudato Si’, and his October 2023 Apostolic Exhortation on the climate crisis, Laudate Deum.

They say, “We echo with Pope Francis: This sister (earth) now cries out to us because of the harm we have inflicted on her by our irresponsible use and abuse of the goods with which God has endowed her.”

“We have come to see ourselves as her lords and masters, entitled to plunder her at will,” the Catholic Church leaders laments, adding, “The violence present in our hearts, wounded by sin, is also reflected in the symptoms of sickness evident in the soil, in the water, in the air and in all forms of life.”

In their Pastoral Letter, Uganda’s Catholic Bishops underscore the need to empower existing institutions meaningfully to combat environmental degradation.

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“Laws and policies have been enacted over the years to create institutions responsible for coordination and protection of the environment. Their main function is to protect the environment in accordance with the various laws of the country,” they note.

“We, therefore, believe that if environmental degradation continues unabated, it is not because the country lacks mechanisms to address this problem. Rather, there is a need to empower these institutions to perform their functions more effectively and without fear or favour, and the population to play its part as prescribed in the various laws.”

They go on to acknowledge the link between environmental degradation and climate change in Uganda, saying the two challenges continue to “cause serious disruptions in food production in all parts of the country, leading to food and income insecurity in many families.”

UEC members express their sympathies and spiritual solidarity with victims of adverse effects of climate change, which they say manifests in floods, landslides and prolonged dry seasons.

“Chronic landslides in areas such as Mt. Elgon and Mt. Rwenzori have displaced, killed and maimed many people over the years. We express our sympathies with and pray for those affected,” they say in their March 2025 Pastoral Letter.  

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They emphasize that Uganda “should not continue losing lives every year to what has become a predictable occurrence” and urge the government “to work with other stakeholders in providing a permanent solution” to climate change.

“We are, of course, aware of the fact that there are some efforts in that direction, but not enough to provide lasting solutions,” the Catholic Church leaders note, adding, “Uganda, for instance, is party to the Paris Agreement 2015 and has drawn its Nationally-Determined Contributions and National Action Plan. These are welcome developments.”

In the Pastoral Letter, UEC members also say they are concerned that the national plan does not receive adequate resources for implementation and safeguarding Uganda’s food security.

“Our adaptation fund, which would greatly support farmers to cope with the effects of climate change, is inadequate. Current programmes for irrigation are inadequate and expensive for most smallholder farmers,” they lament.

The Catholic Bishops urge the Ugandan government to “explore and introduce affordable irrigation schemes for smallholder farmers as a means to cushion our national food system and the poor against the adverse effects of climate change.”

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