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The Catholic Church Needs Hierarchy, Vatican Official on Relationships Between Bishops and Religious in Africa

Hierarchies in the Catholic Church ensure that there is someone who calls everything to order, the Secretary of the Dicastery for Evangelization has said, underscoring the role that Local Ordinaries play in the Church in Africa.

In his presentation at the ninth session of the ongoing synodal palavers, Archbishop Fortunatus Nwachukwu responded to concerns that women and men Religious in Africa are not involved in decision-making processes of the Dioceses in which they are based.

It was noted at the August 2 event that women Religious in particular, because of cultural influences such as patriarchy, are not involved in Episcopal decisions.

Sr. Elizabeth Nduku, an Associate Professor of Education at Kenyan-based Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA) said that from the start of Christianity in Africa, the women and men Religious who were not part of the hierarchy were not involved in decision-making.

The Kenyan member of the Sisters of St. Joseph of the Catholic Archdiocese of Mombasa (SSJ Mombasa) argued that patriarchal structures that characterized the traditional African setting were introduced in the Church and have continued to affect the relationship between Local Ordinaries and those in Religious Life.

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The patriarchal structures that were introduced in the Church have not changed, she said, and added, “This practice has continued. And because Bishops are in charge of the Dioceses, they have also embraced this as leaders of Dioceses. Hence Religious men and women are not involved in decision-making.”

According to Archbishop Nwachukwu, the existence of hierarchy in the Catholic Church helps the people of God “to have systems of control.”

“There are no real cases of impunity”, the Nigerian-born Vatican official said, and added, “There is the possibility in the hierarchy of having someone who can control, who can also call to order, even a superior.”

“I have also heard, even in the past, of some Bishops who say that no one should teach him how to be a Bishop. But also, we can say that in the Diocese, if every Priest says that no one should teach him how to be a Priest, there will be total confusion,” he said.

The former Vatican diplomat, who had been serving as Apostolic Nuncio from November 2012 till he was appointed Secretary of the Dicastery for Evangelization in March 2023 continued, “I am speaking from the side of someone who has been Apostolic Nuncio in several countries. With the presence of the hierarchy, with the presence of the offices which help the Holy Father in the exercise of his pastoral mission throughout the Church, we have the possibility of referring to the Dicastery for cases of difficulties or even difficulties which concern the updating of conventions or the refusal of conventions, or other also difficulties in application.”

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Referring to the concerns that were raised at the palaver on the relationships between agents of evangelization in the Church, the former Vatican diplomat said, “It's true that we are a little behind in offering solutions and we are trying to deal with this situation.”

“I would also like to say that there is always the tendency to point the finger at the hierarchy, the Bishops, the Priests, but we must also know that there is the important need for introspection, even at the level of the Congregations, Religious communities,” he said. 

Archbishop Nwachuku noted that there are also situations “where Religious men and women do not live the example they should live.” 

“We know that the Nuns must be our arms of charism of the Church, not simply authority, but of charism,” the Catholic Archbishop said.

“Those who heard me have known that I like to refer to the Easter morning race, which we speak of in the Gospel according to Saint John. It is said that both ran together… Even if the other disciple was running faster, awaited the arrival of Peter. This is an example of the relationship between charism and authority,” he said.

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The Nigerian-born Vatican-based Catholic Archbishop underlined the need for the Church to have someone who takes charge.

“There should be no space in the church for impunity,” Archbishop Nwachukwu said.

“There is a need to have someone who can do the refereeing. It is because of this that we have the Holy Father and the offices that work with the Holy Father,” the Secretary of the Dicastery for Evangelization further said, adding, “In particular, this office does not always work perfectly, but at least we seek to help the Holy Father carry out the pastoral mission that the Lord has entrusted to St. Peter.”

Agnes Aineah is a Kenyan journalist with a background in digital and newspaper reporting. She holds a Master of Arts in Digital Journalism from the Aga Khan University, Graduate School of Media and Communications and a Bachelor's Degree in Linguistics, Media and Communications from Kenya's Moi University. Agnes currently serves as a journalist for ACI Africa.